Strutt Help

The following realtion is used for the prediction of vibration from impact piling:

• `k_p` is an empirical scaling factor
• `W` is the hammer energy per blow (J)
• `r` is the distance from the toe of the pile to the point of interest (m)
• `\nu_(res)` is the resultant peak particle velocity (mm/s)
• `w` is the width of the vibrating drum (m)

`k_p` is based on ground conditions and should be a value between 1 and 5:

• `k_p=1` for soft cohesive soils, loose granular soils, loose fill and organic soils
• `k_p=1.5` for stiff cohesive soils, medium dense granular soils and compacted fill
• `k_p=3` for very stiff cohesive soils, dense granular soils and fill containing obstructions which are large relative to the pile cross section
• `k_p=5` for all piles driven to refusal

Source: Transport Research Laboratory Report 429 Groundborne vibration caused by mechanised construction works (2000), Equation 19 and Table 9